HISTORICAL AND CURRENT PERSPECTIVES ON THE HUMAN CONSUMPTION OF NON-NUTRITIVE SWEETENERS (NNS)

Abstract

Scientific discovery, consumer preferences, and regulatory concerns mark the trajectory of human introduction to nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS). Since the discovery of Saccharin by chance in the late 19th century, sweeteners such as Aspartame, sucralose, and acesulfame potassium were developed in the 20th century with their unique taste profiles with minimal to no caloric impact. As the demand for sugar alternatives grew, driven by health concerns and dietary considerations, NNS entered various food and beverage products. More recently, Stevia, a natural NNS derived from the leaves of the Stevia rebaudiana plant, has further diversified the market. However, debate about their safety and long-term health effects continues to shape research and public discourse. Regulatory bodies worldwide are continually striving to improve guidelines to ensure the safety of these sweeteners. The present review provides historical background, current status, and future outlook on the human consumption of NNS and summarizes their evolution to identify potential research areas