COMPARISON OF LIPID PROFILE IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Background: Dyslipidaemia accounts as a major contributing factor to the severity of most prevalent non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Lipid profile test is being widely used for the diagnosis of abnormal lipid levels acting as a primary diagnostic parameter. The objectives of the current study were to compare lipid profile parameters in patients of cardiovascular diseases with and without diabetes mellitus and to determine the relationship of age and gender with abnormal lipid profile parameters.

Material and Methods: A case-control study was conducted at Fatima Memorial Hospital (FMH) Lahore over a period of three months. Total of 94 subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included. Total sample size was further divided into two groups of 47 individuals in each. Group A included cases (cardiovascular disease patients with diabetes mellitus) and Group B included controls (cardiovascular disease patients without diabetes mellitus). Lipid profile parameters (HDL, LDL, TAG, CHOL, VLDL and CHOL/HDL Ratio) of all individuals were determined and compared.

Results: Group A had 23(46.9%) males and 24(53.3%) females whereas, Group B had 26(53.1%) males and 21(46.7%) females. The mean age of Group A and Group B subjects was 64.87 ± 10.1, 61.1 ± 11.5 respectively. Group A had higher abnormal levels of lipid profile parameters as compared to Group B (P values < 0.05). Gender had no association with lipid profile parameters (P values > 0.05). Age had a positive significant correlation with abnormal lipid profile parameters. Group A had higher risk of developing abnormal lipid profile parameters as compared to Group B (RR >1).

Conclusion: This study concluded that elderly male and female having cardiovascular disease with diabetes mellitus presented with significantly higher abnormal lipid levels.